Publications

2018

Sanchez_Bajo, Claudia. (2018) 2018. “Peace, cooperatives and solidarity economy: theoretical foundations and practical examples in peacebuilding”. Journal for the Critique of Science, Imagination, and New Anthropology, no. 271: 64-86. https://www.ckz.si/en/about-the-journal.

The text delves into positive peace and the potential contributions by civil society and enterprise, in particular cooperative enterprises. "This issue focuses on solidarity economy, or economic approaches that are developing as an alternative to hegemonic capitalism through cooperatives and other innovative democratic and participatory practices. Solidarity economies have been spreading around the world for at least four decades, especially in Latin American and Asian countries, while in Slovenia the resurgence of solidarity economies is mainly visible in the last decade. The authors of the current issue of ČKZ tackle the definition of the concept (solidarity economies versus social economy) through examples of good practices and on the basis of theoretical and historical reflections on solidarity economies, and highlight those aspects and advantages that have been (accidentally or deliberately) omitted, ignored, misinterpreted and distorted. In doing so, they answer the fundamental question: who is driving the solidarity economies agenda today and why?"

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2017

Sanchez_Bajo, Claudia. (2017) 2017. “Journal ’Review of International Co-operation’ on Latin American Research on Cooperatives”. Edited by Claudia Sanchez_Bajo, Mirta Vuotto, and Ana Mercedes Sarría Icaza. Brussels: International Cooperative Alliance. https://www.ica.coop/sites/default/files/publication-files/aci-ccr-2017-vol104-latin-america-453321311.pdf.
Overview of Latin American research on cooperatives in Latin America has been diverse and fertile in both Spanish and Portuguese languages since the start of the 20th century, but many of these works are not translated into other languages, and people outside the region may not have access to them. This volume 104 is thus dedicated to the work done by Latin American academics and policy makers on the subject, by publishing a peer-reviewed selection of recent academic papers, aiming at promoting inter-continental and inter-cultural dialogues, and a broader understanding of cooperatives world-wide. After a brief explanation about the origin of the initiative and the process of selection of the material, the second sub-section offers an overview of the following chapters, while the third sub-section explores common elements and differences not only among the contributions to this issue but also what may be inferred in relation to other region-wide research on cooperatives. This dialogue is not only desirable for any researcher and reader, but for all those with an interest in cooperative movements, since the cooperativismo, the Spanish word for the movement striving towards cooperative values and principles, has historically evolved through international and continental visits, learning from each other.  The 2017 Review of International Co-operation includes a series of papers from the 2016 Ecuador Conference (Encuentro) of the  Latin American network of researchers on cooperativism were submitted, peer reviewed, selected and published, to communicate the state of the art of Latin American research on cooperatives.
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Sanchez_Bajo, Claudia. (2017) 2017. “Frieden und Genossenschaften - Peace and cooperatives”. In Die ökonomische Dimension Des Friedens Soziale Solidarische Ökonomie, edited by Clarita Müller-Plantenberg, , 223-55. Kassel: kassel university press GmbH. https://doi.org/10.19211/KUP9783737603959.

"Die Verbindung der SSÖ zum weltweiten Anliegen, Frieden zu erhalten erläutert Claudia Sánchez Bajo in ihrer aktuellen Pionierarbeit über Frieden und Genossenschaften, die sie interdisziplinär in drei Teilen aufgebaut hat.
 Der Ausgangspunkt ist Galtungs Unterscheidung zwischen negativem und positivem Frieden. Dann weist die Autorin auf wiederholte konzeptionelle Veränderungen des Friedensbegriffs im Verlauf der Geschichte und in
unterschiedlichen Kulturen hin. Sodann fragt Claudia Sánchez Bajo danach, welche „Perspektive für Friedensaufbau als fördernder, lebendiger, schützender, sicherer Raum und UUmgebung“ in der Forschung zu Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft aufgezeigt wird?  Schließlich „wird Friedensstiftung im Zusammenhang mit Genossenschaften und Solidarischer Ökonomie diskutiert, aufbauend auf Selbstverwaltung, Demokratie, Gleichheit, Solidarität und Bildung.“ Als Strategie eines Humanismus der Praxis, die an letzteres anknüpft, wird das Friedenspotential solidarischer Gesellschaften und Wirtschaften in Zeiten der Aufrüstung gegen Mensch und Natur zu einer wesentlichen Perspektive." By "Clarita Müller-Plantenberg, Verein zur Förderung der Solidarischen Ökonomie e.V." page 20

Translation into English: "The connection between SSE and the global concern for peace is explained by Claudia Sanchez Bajo in her current pioneering work on peace and cooperatives, which she has constructed interdisciplinary in three parts.  The starting point is Galtung's distinction between negative and positive peace.1555 The author then highlights the repeated conceptual changes of the concept of peace throughout history and in different cultures. Claudia Sánchez Bajo then asks what "perspective on peacebuilding as a nurturing, living, protective, and safe space and environment" is revealed in research on economics and society?  Finally, "peacemaking is addressed in the context of cooperatives and the solidarity economy, drawing on self-management, democracy, equality, solidarity and education." As a strategy for a humanism of practice that is articulated with the latter, the peace potential of solidarity societies and economies becomes an essential perspective in these times of buildup against humanity and nature." By "Clarita Müller-Plantenberg, Verein zur Förderung der Solidarischen Ökonomie e.V." page 20

Contribution to Europäisches Colloquium in der Stiftung Adam von Trott, Imshausen e.V., organized and coordinated by Prof. Dr. Clarita Müller-Plantenberg. She also translated my text from German into English.

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Sanchez_Bajo, Claudia, Jamie Campbell, Kaye Grant, and Nora Russell. 2017. “Fedore Cooperative: Effective Conflict Resolution and Decision Making”. Canada: Ivey Business School Foundation. https://www.iveypublishing.ca/s/product/fedore-cooperative-effective-conflict-resolution-and-decision-making/01t5c00000CwmufAAB.

In December 2009, Fedore Cooperative (Fedore), a worker cooperative in a major city in Western Canada, was at a critical juncture. A general meeting comprising all members had been convened to resolve conflicts that had been brewing for some time and threatening the survival of the business. The members were inspired by the ideals of participation and equality, and had always made decisions based on consensus. Unfortunately, they had become deeply split over the poor financial performance of the business. There was a fundamental disagreement between two influential members about how to solve their problem. The situation had stalled their cooperative decision-making process, and Fedore’s future was at risk. The question was how to present the issues so that Fedore’s members could come to a consensus about how to work their way through the problem and find a solution.

This case is suitable for senior undergraduate and graduate courses on cooperative studies, general business studies, and courses related to the social economy, social enterprises, and business management. Instructors can focus on one or more of the following key learning objectives in this case:

  • Understand the basics of the cooperative model of business organization, and how it differs from other business forms.
  • Recognize, specifically, what a worker cooperative is and the importance of organizational fit with member values.
  • Consider decision making in a collaborative environment, including how facilitation and mediation can help resolve group conflicts.
  • Analyze business diversification and the challenges for organizations that are contemplating diversification.
See also: Publications

2016

2014

Sanchez_Bajo, Claudia. (2014) 2014. “Is the Debt Trap Avoidable?”. In Co-Operatives in a Post-Growth Era, Creating Co-Operative Economics, edited by Tom Webb and Sonja Novkovic, 1stst ed., 1:264-83. Bloomsbury Publishing. https://www.bloomsbury.com/uk/cooperatives-in-a-postgrowth-era-9781783600793/.
I prefer to insert here excerpts of the 2015 book review by Tarhan: "concise and well-researched chapters, written by some of the world’s leading scholars on co-operative economics...Part 2 includes both theoretical and empirical work dedicated to exploring the co-operativeadvantage in five main areas: economic productivity (Morris Altman, Vera Zamagni, Stephan Smith & Jonathan Rothbaum, Claudia Sanchez-Bajo), resilience during times of economic turmoil (Sanchez-Bajo, Altman, Smith & Rothbaum)... Thus, the unique and perhaps most valuable contribution of this book is its focus on cooperatives’ potential for taking a leading role in the economic and ideological transition necessary for addressing the greatest converging crises in human history."  Source: Tarhan, Mumtaz Derya,  2015 Autumn, Book Review: Co-operatives in a Post-Growth Era: Creating Co-operative Economics, volume 6, No.2, pp. 82-84, Canadian Journal of Nonprofit and Social Economy Research. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287647422_Book_Review_Co-operatives_in_a_Post-Growth_Era_Creating_Co-operative_Economics
See also: Publications
Sanchez_Bajo, Claudia. 2014. “Cooperatives in the Post- 2015 Millennium Development Framework”. New York: United Nations. https://www.un.org/esa/socdev/documents/2014/coopsegm/SanchezBajo.pdf.

Cooperatives offer great potential in providing for common needs and aspirations. In the vast available literature on their experiential practices, they provide for systemic paths for development trajectories and address ‘intersecting inequalities’. Yet, being at the same time association and enterprise, they face collective action challenges that need special attention. In the first part, the document discusses the place that the Post 2015 Millennium Development Framework (MDGs and pre- SDGs) could give to cooperatives. Selected cases are brought in to highlight what cooperatives offer in terms of approach to sustainable, peaceful and inclusive development. A discussion on cooperatives’ potential and challenges for the Post 2015 Development goals  (SDGs) follows. Document presented at the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Expert Group Meeting on Cooperatives in 2014 in Nairobi, Kenya.

2013

Sanchez_Bajo, Claudia. (2013) 2013. “Placing cooperatives in up-to-date theoretical debates, in Co-operative Growth for the 21st Century”. In ICA International Conference, Plenary Session on Sustainability, 15-17. Cape Town, South Africa: International Cooperative Alliance. http://icacapetown.gn.apc.org/plenary-session-sustainability.html.
Contribution to the report commissioned by the International Cooperative Alliance to CICOPA, the ICA's sectoral body for industrial and service cooperatives, for the 2013 ICA World Conference in South Africa. It was a collaborative effort discussing conceptions of progress, growth, development and cooperatives.
"When the UN International Year of Cooperatives (IYC) began in January 2012 - about three years after the collapse of Lehman Brothers (conventionally considered the beginning of a global crisis) - it was already clear that this crisis, in addition to being global, would also be long and drawn out. The many initiatives of the AIC (conferences, summits, publications, documentary films) could not but face this historical turning point and try to decode it. This report is an attempt to redefine growth as a multifaceted and multidimensional concept. Co-operatives should seize this opportunity to take the lead in rethinking our global vision of growth... Co-operative Growth for the 21st Century was commissioned by the Alliance from CICOPA, the Alliance's sectoral organization for industrial and service cooperatives" (see https://www.ica.coop/fr/node/9401).
 
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Bajo, Claudia Sanchez. 2013. “David and Goliath—Cooperatives and the Global Crisis. UNRISD Think Piece”. Geneva: UNRISD. 2013.

This is part of a series of think pieces by scholars and practitioners working on a broad range of issues within the field of Social and Solidarity Economy. The series is being published in conjunction with the UNRISD conference “Potential and Limits of Social and Solidarity Economy”. The conference took place on 6-8 May 2013 in collaboration with the International Labour Organization and the UN Non-Governmental Liaison Service.

See also: Publications

2011

Bajo, Claudia Sanchez, and Bruno Roelants. (2011) 2011. Capital and the Debt Trap, Learning from Cooperatives in the Global Crisis. 1stst ed. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230308527.

"The financial crisis is destroying wealth but is also a remarkable opportunity to uncover the ways by which debt can be used to regulate the economic system. This book uses four case studies of cooperatives to give an in-depth analysis on how they have braved the crisis and continued to generate wealth."

The document uploaded explain the thrust of the book, based on originl research, is composed of the slides by  Claudia Sanchez Bajo (c) presented at the Berlin Solikon conference in 2015. We had the pleasure and honour to have Prof Dr Paul Singer from Brazil and Prof Dr Clarita Mueller-Plantenberg among us for the presentation and discussion.

Reviews:

'This elegant and deeply-informed inquiry weaves together several themes, each significant in itself, even more so as their relations are developed: the deep and persistent crises of capitalism, in the current phase highly financialized, and the fundamental issue of decision-making in social and economic institutions, with special attention to the elaborate growth of cooperatives of many varieties, the forms they have taken, the problems they face, and their great promise in overcoming economic crises, social malaise, and democratic dysfunction.' - Professor Noam Chomsky, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA

'Capital and the Debt Trap combines a searing critique of the unstable debt- and-profit driven system that came close to final collapse in the Great Crisis with a fine portrait of the modern cooperative alternative that exists today in Mexico, Canada, France and Spain. Are these perhaps the small creatures that will survive and flourish after the great dinosaurs are gone? Let's hope so.' - James K. Galbraith, Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs and University of Texas at Austin

'This book is simply a masterpiece on cooperativism for the xxi century. It outstandingly demonstrates why cooperatives are more resilient to the crisis and avoid falling into the dept trap and its implacable cohort of inhuman effects. A decisive contribution not only to economic democracy but also to Democracy as a political system.' - Yves Cabannes, University College London

'This is a timely and important book which both analyses current economic turmoil and shows how the crisis may foment new and more co-operative forms of enterprise. Anyone interested in advancing the cause of participatory ownership as one means of guarding against recurrent crises should read this book.' George Irvin, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London

'This book presents a thoughtful and exciting consideration of the roles cooperatives can play and should be expected to play today . . . It deserves to be widely read and discussed within and across the boundaries that have long divided cooperative proponents and the general public.' Ian MacPherson, University of Victoria, Canada

'This book is a major step forward in understanding the working of co-operative economies. Its appearance could hardly have been more timely. At a point when the global financial system and the models of economic governance have been thrown into question, it shows how it is that co-operative financial systems are more crisis resistant than contemporary private banking, and how finance can be structured to service long term local and industrial growth rather than subject it to the imperative of short term profitability. More generally, the authors describe an architecture of co-operative governance that has not only been innovative and resilient but is particularly well suited to any post crisis world that is reshaped round multi stakeholder engagement.' - Robin Murray, LSE Global Governance and author of Co-operation in the Age of Google.

'This study on the current global crisis of capitalism is a surprising and fascinating analysis of the transformation that the current dominant world mode of production has gone through. The great merit of the book is to indicate the path to this change with great accuracy and richness of data. That is, the economy needs to return to the realm of the stakeholders. It is difficult to emphasize the appropriateness and importance of this work.' Paul Singer, University of São Paulo and Secretary of State for the Solidarity Economy of Brazil.

We have been falsely made to believe that competition is the way nature and society work. However, greed and competition are dis-values imposed by corporate rule. Both nature and society work on the principles of co-operation. In Capital and the Debt Trap - Learning from Cooperatives in the Global Crisis Bruno Roelants and Claudia Sanchez Bajo show us how an economy based on co-operation can address the deep crisis we face.' - Vandana Shiva, Navdanya/Research Foundation for Science Technology & Ecology, New Delhi.

See also: Publications